Artur Šopenhauer (nem. Arthur Schopenhauer; Gdanjsk, 22. februar 1788 — Frankfurt na Majni, 21. septembar 1860) bio je nemački filozof idealist, klasični predstavnik pesimizma; učio da je volja osnova svega, Кantova „stvar po sebi“, suština sveta koji je samo predstava. Volja je večito nezadovoljena, i zato je život beskrajna patnja a ovaj svet najgori mogući svet. Cilj svega je nirvana (budizam). Glavno delo mu je Svet kao volja i predstava. Do većeg uticaja došao tek pred kraj života i posle smrti.
Glavna Šopenhauerova dela su, pored ovde prevedenog spisa (1813, 1847), „O viđenju i bojama“ (1816), „Svet kao volja i predstava (1819), „O volji u prirodi“ (1836), „O slobodi čovekove volje“ (1839), „O fundamentu morala“ (1840), „Parerga i paralipomena“ (1851). Kratko vreme i sa prekidima predavao je na univerzitetu u Berlinu (1820–1831), nakon čega je do kraja života kao privatni učitelj i filozofski pisac živeo u Frankfurtu.
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